Campbell's+Analysis+of

Mamma Mia! Is about woman who is saddened with her partner over and over again, but continues to forgive him. Mamma Mia has peaked at the top of the British charts in early 1976. The song was adapted into a very successful musical and movie of the same name. The musical debut in 1999 and has continued its success. With its catchy tune and rhythm the song continues to be played at many Karaoke clubs around the world.

__Pitch__
The song stays in D major throughout and does not modulate to other keys.

__**Structure**__
- Verse-chorus form: Intro – 1st verse – Pre chorus – Chorus – 2nd verse – Pre chorus – chorus – coda – outro (till fade)
 * Intro: 4 bars – 4 bars
 * Verse: 4 bars – 4 bars – 8 bars
 * Pre chorus: 2 bars – 2 bars (exact repetition)
 * Chorus: 2 bars – 2 bars – 2 bars – 2 bars – 2 bars – 2 bars – 2 bars – 2 bars – 2 bars

__Tone Colour__
__Instrumentation__ - Drum Kit - 2x Lead Vocals female (Alto) - Electric Guitar x2 - Bass Guitar - Keys - 2x Male Backing Vocals

- Intro (Marimba in the 1st four bars, then only add in guitar) - Verse and pre-chorus (Marimba, guitar, drums, vocal, keyboard) - Chorus (at first, there is a breakdown, that is only the marimba, keyboard and the vocal are used. Only at the part “Yes, I’ve been brokenhearted…” at bar 37 does the guitar and drums start to join in again.) - Outro (Marimba and guitar)

__Duration__
- Time Signature 4/4 - Piano melody starts with with 3 repetitions of the 5th interval, and then goes to 4 repetitions from then on

__Dynamics__
- Double neighbour: In the RH of bar 6 - Lower neighbour note: In the RH of bar 42 - Appoggiatura: E in RH of bar 11 and 1st note of bar 29. This non-harmonic tone has an important function, as it forms part of the melodic hook, “Mamma mia”, which is heard in different parts of the song (i.e. in the verse and chorus). - Rhythmic displacement (anticipation using a full chord): last quaver of bar 10, 14, 20 etc - Accented Passing note (APN): RH of bar 34 - Unaccented Passing note (PN): RH of bar 34 - Counter Melodies between Dmaj and D mino